culpable homicide 应受惩罚的杀人罪 在苏格兰法律中，是指尚未达到谋杀罪〔murder〕程度的杀人罪。杀人罪，包括应受惩罚的故意杀人〔voluntary culpable homicide〕和应受惩罚的过失杀人〔involuntary culpable homicide〕两种。前者是指行为人在受到严重挑衅、醉酒或限制责任能力等可使罪责减轻的情况下所实施的杀人行为。后者是指行为人由于重大疏忽而非故意所为的杀人行为，或者在实施诸如殴打、强奸等非法行为过程中致使他人死亡的行为。在特定情形下，如超越法定职责、出于必要、被胁迫等致使的杀人行为或杀婴等，在实践中一般是以杀人罪而非谋杀罪被起诉。
Scots law. A wrongful act that results in a person’s death but does not amount to murder. Cf. MANSLAUGHTER.
homicide n. 杀人 指一人导致或促使他人死亡的一般用语。该词是中性词，只描述客观行为，而对其道德或法律性质并没有作出判断。杀人并不必然构成犯罪，在依法执行死刑、自卫以及作为追捕逃犯的唯一可能手段时，杀人则是合法的。但如果一人蓄意、明知、轻率或疏忽致使他人死亡的，该人则犯有杀人罪。英美普通法和制定法都把杀人罪分为谋杀〔murder〕和非预谋杀人〔manslaughter〕。在苏格兰，杀人分为有罪杀人〔culpable homicide〕、正当杀人〔justifiable homicide〕以及意外、疏忽或可宽恕杀人〔accidental, negligent, or excusable homicide〕。
homicidium (hom-[schwa]-sI-dee-[schwa]m), n. [Latin “felling of a person”] Homicide. homicidium ex casu (eks kay-s[y]oo). Homicide by accident. See ACCIDENTAL KILLING. homicidium ex justitia (eks j[schwa]s-tish-ee-[schwa]). Homicide in the administration of justice, or in the carrying out of a legal sentence. See justifiable homicide (2) under HOMICIDE. homicidium ex necessitate (eks n[schwa]-ses-i-tay-tee). Homicide from inevitable necessity,
chaud melle 激情杀人 苏格兰古刑法的用语，指没有预谋而因为一时的激愤而突然杀人。在宗教改革之前，犯有此罪的人有权躲进教堂寻求庇护。后来它被吸收进应被惩罚的杀人罪〔culpable homicide〕当中。(→chance-medley)
intoxication, n. A diminished ability to act with full mental and physical capabilities because of alcohol or drug consumption; drunkenness. See Model Penal Code § 2.08. [Cases: Criminal Law 52–57; Homicide 821; Negligence 239, 535(14). C.J.S. Criminal Law §§ 109–113; Negligence §§ 128–129, 252.] — intoxicate, vb. culpable intoxication. See voluntary intoxication. involuntary intoxication. The
Gross negligence so extreme that it is punishable as a crime. • For example, involuntary manslaughter or other negligent homicide can be based on criminal negligence, as when an extremely careless automobile driver kills someone. — Also termed culpable negligence; gross negligence. [Cases: Criminal Law 23; Negligence 1800–1802. C.J.S. Criminal Law § 38; Negligence §§
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